1)Why the information should be managed properly by the level of manager?

   Levels of management and managers.Judging from level organization, management is divided into 3 levels, namely:1. Top Management (Top Management responsibility top managers influence decisions  posed of the overall management of the organization. For example: director, deputy director, chief executive officer. Expertise of top managers tinggkat is conceptual, meaning that expertise to create and formulate concept to be implemented by the underlying manager level. For example:2. Middle Management (Middle Management)Middle management should memeiliki interpersonal skills / human, meaning skills to communicate, cooperate and motivate others. Managers responsible for implementing reana and ensure the achievement of a goal. For example: region manager, division head, director of product.3. Under Management / Line (Low Management)Manager responsible for completing the plans have been set by the managers is higher. In levels also has expertise that is technical expertise, means that expertise include procedures, techniques, knowledge and expertise in specialized fields. For example: supervisor / production supervisors, foreman.
Here is a management scheme based on levels:
seen of activities undertaken:- Functional Manager, responsible for an organizational unit of activity (production, marketing, finance, personnel, etc.- General Manager, responsible for all activities of the unit.
In carrying out the task, every level of manager or principal refugees have different skills, namely:1. Technical Expertise (Technical Skill) is expertise about how to doing and produce something with the motivation for the direction, supervision, comunication.2. Managerial skills (Managerial Skill) is expertise related to the case plan goal setting, organizing, drafting personnel, and supervision.
Skills ManagerIn general, there emat manager skills at each level of the manager:1. Conceptual skillsSkills or mental abilities to coordinate and integrate all interests and activities of the organization.2. Humanitarian SkillsAbility to work there with each other to understand and motivate others.3. Administrative SkillsCapability that has to do with the management functions performed.4. Technical SkillsThe ability to use the equipment, procedures, and methods of a particular field.Robert L. Katz in the 1970's suggests that every manager requires a minimum of three basic skills. These three skills are:1. Conceptual skills (conceptional skills)Upper-level managers (top manager) must have the skills to make the concepts, ideas, and ideas for the betterment of the organization. The idea or ideas and concepts are then to be translated into an action plan to realize the idea or concept that. The process of elaboration of the idea into a concrete plan of work is usually referred to as the planning process or planning. Therefore, conceptual skills are also is skills to make the plan work.2. Skills relate to other people (humanity skills)In addition to conceptual capabilities, managers also need to be equipped with the skills to communicate or relate to other people skills, also called human skill. Persuasive communication should always be created by the lead managers to subordinates. With a persuasive communication, friendship, and fatherhood will make employees feel valued and then they will be open to the boss. Communication skills required, both at the level of top management, middle, and bottom.3. Technical skills (technical skills)These skills are generally a provision for managers at lower levels. This technical skill is the ability to perform a specific job, such as using computer programs, improve the engine, making chairs, accounting and others.In addition to the above three basic skills, Ricky W. Griffin added two basic skills that need to be owned by managers, namely: [5]1. Time management skillsIs a skill that refers to the ability of a manager to use his time wisely. Griffin filed a case Lew Frankfort of Coach. In 2004, as manager, Frankfort paid $ 2,000,000 per year. If it is assumed that he worked for 50 hours per week with time off work 2 weeks, then every hour Frankfort salary is $ 800 per hour-about $ 13 per minute. From there we can see that every minute was wasted would be very detrimental to the company. Most managers, of course, has a much smaller salary than Frankfort. However, the time they have remained a valuable asset, and wasted means a waste of money and reduce the company productivity.2. Decision-making skillsIs the ability to define problems and determine how best to solve it. Decision-making ability is the most important for a manager, especially for the top managers (top manager). Griffin proposes three steps in decision making. First, a manager must define the problem and look for alternatives that can be taken to solve them. Second, managers must evaluate each of the alternatives and choose an alternative that is considered the most good. And lastly, managers must implement alternatives that have been his choice as well as monitor and evaluate them to stay on the right track.In that sense it is said that management is the process of achieving goals through the work of others. Thus the means in the management there is a minimum of 4 (four) characteristic, namely:1. there are goals to be achieved,2. No leader (supervisor),3. have led (subordinate),4. there is cooperation.Special issues regarding leader (supervisor) should have a wide range of abilities (skills). Capabilities (skills) which is comprised of:
1. Managerial skills (entrepreneurial), namely the ability to effectively use the opportunities and skills to lead the efforts that are important.2. Techological skills, the special expertise that is economically necessary technical work on the implementation of economically viable.3. Organisational skills, the intelligence to manage a variety of businesses.In fact, not every leader should have the entire capacity with the same intensity level. Because the leaders themselves can be grouped into 3 (three) levels. So the ability to possessed was certainly different.The level of leadership or management consists of:1. Top Management (Top Level Management)2. Middle Management (Middle Level Management)3. Lower Management (Management of Low Level).Number of management at every level depends on the size of an organization or agency. Usually, however, Top Management will be fewer in number than in Middle Management, Middle Management and much less than the Lower Management.So the higher one's position, the more skills require administration / management, but the lower the operational skills. Conversely the lower the position of a person, then the higher the skills of operations, while the skills of administrative / management is lower.
With simple language, actually three types of levels of management are working at the same time, but different types of activities. Top Level Management more work with the mind, very little physical work or labor. Management Intermediate, between work thought the physical work may be regarded as balanced. While the Lower Level Management, working with very little thought, while with a physical or a huge power / lots. 

  
2)information needed by the manager must have a value that is: Up todate, Detail and Accurate. Try to explain mean points and give examples of your answer?

 Information can be said to be qualified if it meets the following criteria:

     1.Information must be accurate and clear, That is information that does not contain these doubts, the same meaning given by the receive, free of errors and not misleading, should clarify and reflect the intention or in other words do not pose the question for receiving such information.
   2.  Up to date (on time), ie the information is coming to a recipient is not too late because the information is not timely is not mempinyai value.
  3.   Information must be relevant, ie the information is acceptable for people in need or benefit to receiving it.
Information in an information systems environment has some characteristics which are:

    1. Right or wrong, this can be related to reality or not when receiving the wrong information is believed to lead to the same as true.
    2. New information can be totally new and fresh to the recipient.
    3. Additional Information, can renew or give a new addition to the existing information Talah.
    4. Corrective, information can be a corrective for incorrect information.
   5.  Confirmation, information can reinforce the information that already exists, this is useful because it increases the perception of the recipient or the truth of the information.

3)Try to describe what information is needed by the managerial level in carrying out its functions in terms of: Planning, Organizing and Controlling?
- Planning:
In planning managers need information such as the achievement data rekapan company a few years earlier, so that a manager can predict what will happen in subsequent years (long-term plan)

- Organizing:
Here the overall information required of each employee and work. Because the settings needed to run a company's goals. Example question when a manager wants to set a schedule entry employees, managers must know their employees well, be it residential employees and vehicles used. This avoids delays when an employee comes to work, and this is very influential in the course of an operation of a company.

- Controlling:
  When control, a manager requires data from subordinates such as the work already done by the employees. So from the data or information, managers can oversee every job goes by a subordinate or process either progress or regress.